Performance and classification of rubber seals

Rubber sealing parts, as the basic components in sealing devices, play a crucial role in preventing leakage and ensuring the normal operation of equipment. Whether in the industrial, automotive or aviation fields, rubber seals are highly favored for their excellent performance and wide range of application scenarios. This article will take you on a deep dive into the performance characteristics and various classification methods of rubber seals.

I. Performance of Rubber Seals \ nThe reason why rubber seals can be widely used in multiple fields mainly lies in their unique properties:

1. High elasticity: Rubber is a highly stretchable polymer material with a small elastic modulus and high elongation. It can undergo significant deformation under relatively small stress in different media, thereby achieving excellent sealing performance.

2. Wear resistance: Rubber sealing parts have excellent wear resistance and can maintain a long-term sealing effect under various motion forms, thereby extending the service life of equipment.

3. Resistance to chemical media: Some special synthetic rubbers can resist the swelling of fatty oil, lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, fuel oil and solvent oil, and have excellent resistance to chemical media.

4. Temperature resistance: Rubber has a wide temperature resistance range, and there are corresponding materials available for selection from low to high temperatures. For instance, its cold resistance can be as low as -60℃ to -80℃, and its heat resistance can be as high as +180℃ to +350℃.

5. Insulation: Rubber, especially natural rubber, due to its non-polar nature, has excellent electrical insulation performance and is suitable for applications where electrical insulation is required.

Ii. Classification of Rubber Seals \ nThere are various ways to classify rubber seals. The following are several main classification methods:

1. Classified by materials:

Natural rubber: It has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and is often used to make sealants, etc.

Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) : It has excellent oil resistance and wear resistance and is often used to make oil seals and other sealing parts.

Hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) : It is a modified product of NBR, with superior performance and is widely used in applications with higher requirements.

Acrylate rubber: It has excellent heat resistance and oil resistance, and is suitable for high-temperature environments.

2. Classification by characteristics:

High-temperature resistant sealing parts: Made of high-temperature resistant rubber materials, suitable for high-temperature working environments.

Low-temperature resistant sealing parts: They can maintain sealing performance in low-temperature environments.

High-pressure resistant seals: Specifically designed for high-pressure environments, such as high-pressure valve seals.

Wear-resistant sealing parts: With outstanding wear resistance, they are suitable for high-speed or heavy-load working conditions.

Corrosion-resistant sealing parts: Capable of resisting the corrosion of various chemical media.

3. Classification by movement form:

Static sealing: The sealing between two stationary surfaces, mainly including gasket sealing and packing sealing, is suitable for sealing between components without relative motion.

Dynamic sealing: It involves the sealing between a sealing ring and its components in relative motion, including contact sealing (such as rubber sealing rings) and non-contact sealing (such as labyrinth sealing).

4. Classification by structure:

O-seals: The most common type of seal, available in a variety of materials, and widely used in various machinery.

Y-type seals: Suitable for industries such as hydraulics, machinery, and pneumatics, they feature excellent wear resistance and oil resistance.

5. Other forms: such as V-rings, X-rings, rectangular rings, square pads, etc., each with its own characteristics and applicable scenarios.

Iii. Application of Rubber Seals

Rubber seals have extensive applications in multiple fields. In the industrial field, they are used for sealing equipment such as conveyors, pumps, compressors and valves; In the automotive field, it is widely applied in parts such as engines, tires, braking systems, and fuel systems. In the aviation field, rubber seals also play a significant role, being used for sealing key parts of aircraft such as hydraulic systems, fuel systems, and oxygen systems.

Fourth, conclusion: Rubber sealing parts, with their outstanding performance and wide range of application scenarios, have become an indispensable part of industrial production and daily life. With the advancement of technology and the improvement of manufacturing processes, the performance of rubber seals will be further enhanced, providing more reliable sealing solutions for a wider range of fields.

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