1. Introduction to X-Rings
The X-ring is a symmetrical 4 lobe seal, with a square fitting cross section. It is similar to 4 tangent O-Rings. The inner diameter (I.D) and the width of the cross section (C.S.) are the dimensional characteristics of the X-ring. These can be used instead of an O-ring but have a larger range of applications. They conform to US standard AS 568 A and can on request be delivered in alternative sizes and different materials: NBR,FKM, FFKM, EPDM, Silicon.
2. Working principles
Because of its symmetrical shape, the X-ring can withstand any stress from any direction. An increase in pressure leads to a radial section increase and then to a progressive constraint of the seal.
3. X‑Ring VS O‑Ring
| Item |
X‑Ring |
O‑Ring |
| Cross‑section |
X‑shape, four sealing lips |
Circular single‑lip |
| Spiral twist failure |
Resistant, almost no spiral damage |
Easy to happen in long‑stroke reciprocation |
| Friction |
Lower, smaller contact area; lip groove holds lubricant |
Higher friction, full‑circle contact |
| Sealing redundancy |
Double sealing lines, better reliability |
Single sealing line |
| Recommended use |
Reciprocating, oscillating, low‑speed rotary; high‑cycle dynamic conditions |
General static sealing, simple low‑cycle dynamic applications |
| Groove compatibility |
Fits AS568 O‑ring grooves; avoid minimum‑tolerance groove width |
Designed for AS568 standard gland |
4. Advantages
Due to the "X" shape and the four sealing edges, X-rings require less initial compression compared to O-rings, resulting in reduced friction and thus wear in dynamic applications. Other advantages are:
● Square cross-section prevents rotation of the seal in the groove during assembly or straight-line movement.
● lower initial compression in dynamic applications reduces friction and wear, reducing the effect of permanent deformation and thus extending service life
● lubricant is trapped in the space created between the cutting edges, which aids perfect lubrication of the cutting edge during reciprocating straight-line motion, or during rotary or combined motion
● the cutting plane of the mould passes through the space between the blades and its quality cannot affect the function of the seal
● Similar to O-rings, simple and space-saving design, easy installation